The first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion combined with lateral toe rotation Weil osteotomy for hallux valgus with severe metatarsal adduction / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore clinical effect of the first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion combined with lateral toe rotation Weil osteotomy in treating hallux valgus with severe metatarsal adduction.@*METHODS@#From March 2017 to August 2021, 37 patients ( 69 feet ) with severe plantar adductor hallux valgus were treated with the first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion combined with rotational Weil osteotomy were retrospectively analyzed, including 8 males(11 feet) and 29 females (58 feet), aged from 67 to 83 years old with an average of (70.03±2.87) years old;3 cases on the left side, 2 cases on the right side and 32 cases on both sides. Visual analogue scale(VAS) was used to evaluate degree of pain relief before operation, 6 weeks after operation and at the final follow-up. American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Surgery (AOFAS) forefoot score was used to evaluate function of the affected foot before operation and final follow-up. Hallux valgus angle(HVA) and intermetatarsal angle(IMA) were measured before operation and at the final follow-up.@*RESULTS@#Thirty-seven patients(69 feet) were followed up from 12 to 48 months with an average of(22.8±0.6) months. Bone healing was achieved at the first metatarsophalangeal joint from 7 to 10 weeks with an average of (8.00±1.21) weeks after operation, without delay and nonunion. HVA was increased from (44.30±2.84)° before operation to (15.20±2.13) °at the final follow-up, and had statistical difference(t=65.781, P<0.05);while no difference in IMA before and after operation(P>0.05). VAS was decreased from (6.73±1.48) points to (2.78±0.71) points at 6 months after operation(t=3.279, P<0.05), and had difference compared with the latest follow-up(1.16±1.12)(t=4.859, P<0.05). AOFAS forefoot score increased from (52.14±5.78) preoperatively to (86.70±4.86) at the fonal follow-up, and 25 feet got excellent results, 40 feet good and 4 feet fair.@*CONCLUSION@#The first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion combined with lateral toe rotation Weil osteotomy in treating severe plantar adduction hallux valgus could significantly relieve pain and appearance of forefoot, stabilize the first sequence, and significantly improve walking function.

Lapidus operation combined with bone setting manipulation in treatment of hallux valgus in elderly patients / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical effect of Lapidus operation combined with bone setting manipulation of traditional Chinese medicine in treating hallux valgus in elderly patients.@*METHODS@#From March 2013 to October 2017, 53 elderly patients (87 feet) with hallux valgus were treated with Lapidus operation combined with bone-setting manipulation of traditional Chinese medicine, including 12 males (18 feet) and 41 females (69 feet), ranging in age from 65 to 92 years old, with an average of (76.3±4.8) years old. Visual analogue scale(VAS) was used to evaluate the degree of relief of foot pain before and 26 months after operation. American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS) was used to evaluate the function of foot pain. The changes of hallux valgus angle(HVA angle), interphalangeal angle (IMA angle) and metatarsal wedge angle(MCA angle) were compared on X-ray films.@*RESULTS@#All the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 12 to 42 months, with an average of(26.0±2.7) months. In all patients, the first metatarsal joint reached bone fusion within 6 to 8 months, with an average of 4.7 months. The preoperative VAS score was 8.06±1.44, which was significantly different from 2.14±1.98 at 26 months(<0.05). The preoperative AOFAS score was 53.90±7.89, which was significantly different from 92.80±2.78 at 26 months(<0.05). The HVA, IMA and MCA were significantly improved from preoperative(38.60±2.72)°, (21.90±1.91)° and(20.90±2.20)° to the latest follow-up(17.80±1.94)°, (9.70±2.56)° and(11.70±0.48)°(<0.05). According AOFAS score, 74 feet got an excellent result, 11 good and 2 fair.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Lapidus operation combined with bone-setting manipulation of traditional Chinese medicine on the treatment of hallux valgus foot in elderly patients has satisfactory clinical effects, shortens the time of osteotomy and fixation, protects the soft tissue around the osteotomy end and promotes the bone fusion on the most satisfactory position.

Progress on establishment of animal model of osteoarthritis by intra-articular injection / 中国骨伤

Osteoarthritis (Osteoarthritis, OA) is a common clinical degenerative joint disease with increased incidence rate in recent years. Animal experiment is one of the important ways to explore pathogenesis and treatment of OA, while induced animal model is the most important part in animal experiment. Intra-articular injection of drugs is a classical method for establishing animal model of OA. Choose of animal should follows the principle of correlation, appropriateness and practicability, injections should perform in accordance with experimental purposes and subject, detections means and evaluation methods also should corresponding to experimental reality. The gold standard of OA animal model and intra-articular injections has not build, need further study.

Analysis of X-rays of cervical imbalances syndrome before and after the treatment of osteopathy and traction intervention in 187 youth cases / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe X-ray features of before and after treatment of cervical imbalance syndrome with osteopathy and traction intervention in youth patients, then to investigate the clinical effect of the treatment of the cervical imbalances syndrome in youth by osteopathy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From September 2007 to December 2010, one hundred and eighty-seven students of 19 to 22 years (means 21 years) with neck pain as the main symptom in Beijing university of Chinese medicine were selected and divide them into osteopathy group and traction groups randomly. In osteopathy group, there were 94 patients including 40 males and 54 females; in traction group, there were 93 patients including 42 males and 51 females. The treatment of osteopathy group lasted for 3 weeks,three times per week; traction group by traction treatment three weeks,three times a week, too. X-ray before treatment and 3 weeks after treatment were collected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The osteopathy group:94 cases, before treatment, abnormal curvature in 57 cases, spinous position change in 45 cases and angular displacement in 44 cases, vertebral sliding in 15 cases, Ruth Jackson line intersect proneness change in 70 cases,stretch change in 47 cases; after treatment, abnormal curvature in 35 cases, spinous position change in 24 cases and angular displacement in 18 cases, vertebral sliding in 3 cases, Ruth Jackson line intersect proneness change in 41 cases, extension change in 33 cases; X-Ray measurement results: cervical curvature improved from (7.070 +/- 4.629) degrees before treatment to (7.660 +/- 4.156) degrees after treatment, angular displacement improved from (13.790 +/- 2.590) degrees before treatment to (11.050 +/- 2.560) degrees after treatment; vertebral sliding improved from (3.770 +/- 0.350) mm before treatment to (3.160 +/- 0.485) mm after treatment. The change of angular displacement and vertebral sliding were so significant before and after treatment in this group, there were statistical defferences between before and after the treatment (P < 0.01) in osteopathy group. The traction group: 93 cases, before treatment,abnormal curvature in 60 cases, spinous position change in 39 cases and angular displacement in 39 cases, vertebral sliding in 15 cases, Ruth Jackson line intersect proneness change in 70 cases, stretch in 47 cases; after treatment,abnormal curvature in 50 cases, spinous position change in 29 cases and angular displacement in 17 cases; vertebral sliding in 3 cases, Ruth Jackson line intersect proneness change in 41 cases, stretch in 33 cases; X-Ray measurement results: cervical curvature improved from (5.590 +/- 4.639) degrees before treatment to (5.990 +/- 4.330) degrees after treatment, angular displacement improved from (13.360 +/- 2.064) degrees before treatment to (11.210 +/- 1.872) degrees after treatment; vertebral sliding improved from (3.790 +/- 0.339) mm before treatment to (3.480 +/- 0.332) mm after treatment. The change of angular displacement and vertebral sliding were also so significant in traction group before and after treatment, there were statistical defferences between before and after the treatment (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>(1) Pathological changes can be called youth cervical imbalance syndrome. (2) Stress points, angular displacement, cervical vertebral slip, curvature straightened, spinous position change are main X-ray performances. (3) Both osteopathy and traction intervention on are efficient in youth neck pain. (4) Youths cervical vertebra imbalance is early but reversible performance.</p>

Study on the effect using hemoperfusion to treat tylenol poisoned patients / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of hemoperfusion (HP) on tylenol poisoned patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Urgently established the blood access by transfemoral catheterization of femoral vein, we used charcoal hemoperfusion by blood pump and dynamically monitored the plasma concentration of tylenol active ingredients for the 2 patients and the content of tylenol active ingredients in the charcoal was determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Plasma concentration of tylenol active ingredients of the 2 patients was declined gradually during and after the HP management. The acetaminophen serum concentration of the case 1 was declined from the 13.4 µg/L at the start of HP to the 5.81 µg/L at the end of HP; and the case 2 was declined from 51.1 µg/L to 22.3 µg/L. The adsorption amount of acetaminophen in the blood perfusion device are respectively 119 542 µg of case 1 and 33 2154 µg of case 2.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Early hemoperfusion should be carried out for acute tylenol poisoning patients if there were indications, hemoperfusion can clear the tylenol active ingredients and this is an effective measure to eliminate tylenol active ingredients.</p>

Multiple linear regression analysis of X-ray measurement and WOMAC scores of knee osteoarthritis / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To perform Multiple Linear Regression analysis of X-ray measurement and WOMAC scores of knee osteoarthritis, and to analyze their relationship with clinical and biomechanical concepts.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From March 2011 to July 2011, 140 patients (250 knees) were reviewed, including 132 knees in the left and 118 knees in the right; ranging in age from 40 to 71 years, with an average of 54.68 years. The MB-RULER measurement software was applied to measure femoral angle, tibial angle, femorotibial angle, joint gap angle from antero-posterir and lateral position of X-rays. The WOMAC scores were also collected. Then multiple regression equations was applied for the linear regression analysis of correlation between the X-ray measurement and WOMAC scores.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was statistical significance in the regression equation of AP X-rays value and WOMAC scores (P<0.05), while there was no statistical significance in the regression equation of lateral X-ray value and WOMAC scores (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>1) X-ray measurement of knee joint can reflect the WOMAC scores to a certain extent. 2) It is necessary to measure the X-ray mechanical axis of knee, which is important for diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis. 3) The correlation between tibial angle,joint gap angle on antero-posterior X-ray and WOMAC scores is significant, which can be used to assess the functional recovery of patients before and after treatment.</p>

Combined medial and lateral malleolus operative treatment for severe fracture of ankle / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical effects of combined medial and lateral malleolus in treating severe fracture of ankle.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From May 2007 to January 2011,89 patients with ankle fracture who underment surgical treatment and had complete follow-up, the data were retrospectively analyzed. In this study, there were 66 males and 23 females with an average age of 30.9 years (ranged, 26 to 62 years). Cause of injury included road accidents in 52 cases,sprains from fall down in 17, construction injury in 16 and other injuries in 4. According to type of Denis-Weber, type A were in 13 cases, type B in 24, type C in 52. Operative technique was as follows. Chosen two-incision of combined medial and lateral malleolus, and reduced lateral malleolus fracture firstly, fixed it with 1/3 tubular armor plate or rebuilt-titanium plate. To chose one or two hollow screws according to the size of fracture block. If fracture of fibula was syntripsis,it can be multi-segmental fixed. If fracture line of posterior malleolus was no more than 1/3 articular surface of ankle or the bone displacement was not serious, it can be disregarded. And if the lesion level was over 1/3, or shift position more than 3 mm,it can be fixed with lag screw after reduction. Either front-to-back or back-to-front fixed direction was OK. At the third day after operation, the patients were instructed to exercise with affected limb, weight training after 6 weeks.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eighty-nine patients were followed up from 6 to 24 months with an average of 16 months. Healing time of the fracture was 10 to 12 months. According to standard of the Baird-Jackson scoring system, 68 cases got excellent results, 18 good and 3 fair.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Surgical treatment is quite effective for severe fracture of ankle. It should be chosen correctly according to types of the fracture and degree of ligament injury. At the same time, damage degree of the ligament around the ankle should be considered and properly treated.</p>

The clinical application of infrared imaging technology in teenagers with cervicodynia / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the temperature distribution of both sides of shoulder, provide objective reference for the application thermoview in the diagnosis of cervicodynia in teenagers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-five adolescents with cervicodynias from March 2009 to December 2009 were collected. There were 23 males and 22 females, with an average age of 21 years (ranged from 19 to 22 years). The course of disease ranged from 2 to 20 weeks (averaged 13 weeks). C7 horizontal line were used to divide the back into the neck area and shoulders area, and the midline to subdivide the chosen area into left and right area. Thermal infrared imaging was used to observe the temperature both sides of neck and shoulders, the data was analyzed by the computer.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The temperature of shoulder was higher than neck. There were significant differences in the highest and average temperature both of the left and right side of neck and shoulder (P < 0.05), but no difference in the lowest temperature both of left and right side of neck.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The thermal infrared imaging is important for diagnosing cervical imbalance syndrome, finding the sign of abnormal muscle metabolism of shoulder and providing the basis for prevention.</p>

Research progress on spindle assembly checkpoint gene BubR1 / 浙江大学学报·医学版

BubR1 gene is a homologue of the mitotic checkpoint gene Mad3 in budding yeast which is highly conserved in mammalian. BubR1 protein is a key component mediating spindle assembly checkpoint activation. BubR1 safeguards accurate chromosome segregation during cell division by monitoring kinetochore-microtubule attachments and kinetochore tension. There is a dose-dependent effect between the level of BubR1 expression and the function of spindle assembly checkpoint. BubR1-deficient would lead to mitotic progression with compromised spindle assembly checkpoint because cells become progressively aneuploid. Recently, it has been reported that BubR1 also plays important roles in meiotic, DNA damage response, cancer, infertility, and early aging. This review briefly summarizes the current progresses in studies of BubR1 function.

Development of multicolour real time PCR for detection of drug resistance mutation in hepatitis B virus / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To set up a rapid method for detection of drug resistance mutation in HBV, based on multicolour real time PCR. To detect the mutation of blood serum, which were collected from patients.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>To establish two reaction systems, each reaction system contains four resistance loci. On the new multicolor real time PCR method, the sensitivity and specificity were analysed, and detecting the drug resistant mutation of blood serum collected from 30 cases patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Construction of a multicolor fluorescence PCR for detection drug resistance in HBV was constructed, better specificity, sensitivity analysis of up to 1 x 10(3) copies/ml. Sample of 30 cases were detected, there were 2 YVDD (6.67%), 1 YIDD (3.33%), and there were 5 cases of 1896 variation, accounting for 16.67%. Other sites were not detected mutations.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The multicolor real time PCR detection system could be used for rapid and simple analysis of drug resistance for the clinical hospital. The 1986 mutation in HBV pre-C region are relatively high.</p>

The clinical efficacy of treatment on the cases of severe hallux valgus by the first metatarsal basal osteotomy combined with Chevron-Gerbert operation / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical efficacy of treatment on the cases of severe hallux valgus by the first metatarsal basal osteotomy combined with Chevron-Gerbert operation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From June 2004 to August 2008, 37 cases of severe hallux valgus (66 feet) underwent first metatarsal basal osteotomy combined with Chevron-Gerbert operation. There were 5 males (10 feet) and 21 females (38 feet), aged 21 - 76 years (mean 58 years). For all patients with follow-up, radiographic measurements of frontal and lateral position of foot were taken to measure the hallux valgus angle (HVA), the IMA (intermetatarsal angle) and the proximal articular set angle (PASA) preoperatively, postoperatively and in follow-up respectively. The measuring results were compared among the preoperative, the 6-week postoperative and the final follow-up. At the same time the patients were evaluated with the AOFAS Maryland score.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the original 37 patients, 26 patients (48 feet) were followed up. The mean durations of follow-up was 2.3 years (range from 1 to 4 years). At final follow-up, HVA corrected 25.6° ± 3.8°, IMA corrected 8.6° ± 2.4°, and PASA corrected 4.7° ± 4.2°. According to AOFAS rating system, 91.7% patients were rated as excellent or good with excellent in 15 patients (28 feet), good in 8 patients (16 feet), and fair in 3 patients (4 feet).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>First metatarsal basal osteotomy combined with Chevron-Gerbert operation has good efficacy to the patients with severe hallux valgus. However there are disadvantages such as complexity relatively for multi-stage osteotomy and internal fixation.</p>

The vola stress change of patients after operation of wrop-around flap for thumb reconstruction / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyse the vola stress change after operation of wrop-around flap for thumb reconstruction,to know the influence of vola pressure change after operation of wrop-around flap.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From 1996 to 2004, 23 patients after the operation of wrop-around flap for thumb reconstruction were measured the entire footprint, the vola stress of single foot and double feet on static state and walking status. There were 16 males and 7 females,with a mean age of 23.7 years (17 to 42 years). The time from operation to measuring was 1.6 to 6 years (meana 3.8 years). The results of measuring were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Whether static footprint analysis or dynamic mechanical analysis, the plantar pressure distribution of donated foot were obviously different with those of the opposite site. The weight bearing of heel and the fourth and fifth metatarsal heads were nearly consistent with normal foot. But the former feet were obviously different. The weight bearing of the first metatarsal head was obviously lower than normal foot. And the weight bearing of the second and third metatarsal heads were obviously higher than normal foot.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The operation of wrop-around flap for thumb reconstruction has advantage of the cosmesis and function of the reconstructed thumbs nearly consistent with normal thumbs. But the operation influences the postoperative foot pressure.</p>

Effect of AVP on brain edema following traumatic brain injury / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) level in patients with traumatic brain injury and investigate the role of AVP in the process of brain edema.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 30 patients with traumatic brain injury were involved in our study. They were divided into two groups by Glasgow Coma Scale: severe traumatic brain injury group (STBI, GCS less than or equal to 8) and moderate traumatic brain injury group (MTBI, GCS larger than 8). Samples of venous blood were collected in the morning at rest from 15 healthy volunteers (control group)and within 24 h after traumatic brain injury from these patients for AVP determinations by radioimmunoassay. The severity and duration of the brain edema were estimated by head CT scan.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Plasma AVP levels (ng/L) were (mean+/-SD): control, 3.06+/-1.49; MTBI, 38.12+/-7.25; and STBI, 66.61+/-17.10. The plasma level of AVP was significantly increased within 24 h after traumatic brain injury and followed by the reduction of GCS, suggesting the deterioration of cerebral injury (P less than 0.01). And the AVP level was correlated with the severity (STBI r equal to 0.919, P less than 0.01; MTBI r equal to 0.724, P less than 0.01) and the duration of brain edema (STBI r equal to 0.790, P less than 0.01; MTBI r equal to 0.712, P less than 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The plasma AVP level is closely associated with the severity of traumatic brain injury. AVP may play an important role in pathogenesis of brain edema after traumatic brain injury.</p>

Effect of short interfering RNAs on hepatitis C Virus 5' untranslated region expression / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate interfering effect of several short interfering RNAs (siRNA) on HCV 5' untranslated region(5' UTR).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The green fluorescent protein (GFP) was used as reporter gene. A fused gene of HCV-5'UTR and GFP was constructed. It was cloned into the plasmid pCDNA3.1 named as pcDNA-HCV-5'UTR-GFP. Three siRNAs were designed and transfected into HepG2 cells with pcDNA-HCV-5'UTR-GFP. The change of the fluorescence intensity of HepG2 cells was shown by fluorescence microscopy and numerically detected under 488 nm wave length by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The fused gene of HCV-5'UTR and GFP was successfully constructed. The seven groups displayed inhibitory effects on the gene expression of GFP. The inhibition rates of siRNA A, B and C were 68.4 percent, 72.6 percent and 75.6 percent, respectively. The inhibitory rates of siRN A + B, siRN B +C and siRN A +C were 91.8 percent, 87.2 percent and 92.4 percent, respectively. The inhibitory rates of siRN A+B +C was the highest, up to 95.7 percent.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These siRNAs could inhibit expression of HCV 5'UTR gene, the inhibitory effect of combined siRNA was better than that of single siRNAs.</p>